{"id":11901,"date":"2026-08-05T14:31:14","date_gmt":"2026-08-05T14:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/?p=11901"},"modified":"2026-08-06T15:14:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T15:14:00","slug":"%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%e9%80%86%eb%94%94%ec%95%84%ec%8a%a4%ed%8f%ac%eb%9d%bc-%ec%9d%b8%ec%a2%85-%ec%a7%80%ec%a0%95%ed%95%99-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ea%b3%a0-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/?p=11901","title":{"rendered":"\ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc758 \uc5ed(\u9006)\ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c: \uc778\uc885, \uc9c0\uc815\ud559, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc758 \uc815\uce58"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2,\r\n                .tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_2,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_4  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_acf field_group=&#8221;99&#8243; field_from_99=&#8221;field_606aa6f1c30dd&#8221; align=&#8221;right&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11902\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11902\" style=\"width: 531px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11902 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\uadf8\ub9bc1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"531\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\uadf8\ub9bc1.jpg 531w, https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\uadf8\ub9bc1-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\uadf8\ub9bc1-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\uadf8\ub9bc1-150x110.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 531px) 100vw, 531px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11902\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\uc11c\uc6b8\uc758 \uc57c\uacbd<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: \uc800\uc790 \uc81c\uacf5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc \ubcc0\ud654<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc758 \ud55c\uad6d \uc774\uc8fc\uac00 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \ud750\ub984\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc774\uc8fc \ud604\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. 2020\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc804\uc5ed\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc \uc591\uc0c1\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\ud588\ub2e4. \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\ub294 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\ub300\uc758 \uad6d\uc81c\uc774\uc8fc\ubbfc \uc1a1\ucd9c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c, \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \uc774\uc8fc\ubbfc \uc57d 1\uc5b5 1,500\ub9cc \uba85, \uc138\uacc4 \uc774\uc8fc\ubbfc \uc778\uad6c\uc758 40% \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4(IOM 2024). \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uad6d\uac00\uac00 \uc778\uad6c \uac10\uc18c, \uace0\ub839\ud654, \ub178\ub3d9\ub825 \ubd80\uc871\uc744 \uacaa\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uac01\uad6d \uc815\ubd80\ub294 \uc774\uc8fc \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud655\ub300\ud558\uace0 \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790, \uc720\ud559\uc0dd, \uace0\uc219\ub828 \uc804\ubb38\uc778\ub825\uc744 \uc720\uce58\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uacbd\uc7c1\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(OECD 2024). \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub85c \uc774\uc8fc\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub178\ub3d9\uc2dc\uc7a5 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uacbd\uc81c \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825, \uc778\uad6c\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uac00\ub2a5\uc131, \uad6d\uac00 \ubc1c\uc804\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc758\uc81c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc8fc\ubbfc\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6d\uc81c\uc774\uc8fc\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0\ub85c \uc804\ud658\ub418\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uc5ec\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac70\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \uc678\uad6d\uc778 \uc778\uad6c\ub294 1980\ub144\ub300 \uc57d 4\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0\uc11c 2019\ub144 250\ub9cc \uba85 \uc774\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc73c\uba70, 2024\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc57d 265\ub9cc \uba85\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub7ec \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc804\uccb4 \uc778\uad6c\uc758 5% \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud55c\ub2e4(\ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 2025). \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \uc774\uc8fc \uc804\ud658 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc7ac\uc678\ub3d9\ud3ec\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc0c1\ud588\ub2e4. 2020\ub144\ub300 \uc911\ubc18 \uae30\uc900 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac70\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \ud55c\ubbfc\uc871 \ucd9c\uc2e0 \uc678\uad6d \uad6d\uc801\uc790\ub294 \uc57d 85\ub9cc \uba85\uc774\uba70, \ub300\ub2e4\uc218\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc758 \uc870\uc120\uc871\uacfc \uad6c\uc18c\ub828 \ucd9c\uc2e0 \uace0\ub824\uc778\uc774\ub2e4(\ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc \uc9c0\ud615\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub354 \uae34 \uc774\ubbfc(\u79fb\u6c11)\uacfc \uadc0\ud658\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc804\uc7c1 \uc774\ud6c4 1950\ub144\ub300\ubd80\ud130 1980\ub144\ub300\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc804\uc7c1\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud55c \uc774\uc0b0, \ud574\uc678\uc785\uc591, \ub178\ub3d9\uc774\uc8fc, \uad50\uc721, \uac00\uc871\uc7ac\uacb0\ud569 \ub4f1\uc774 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \ud574\uc678\uc774\uc8fc\ub97c \ucd09\ubc1c\ud588\uace0, \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ubd81\ubbf8, \ub3d9\uc544\uc2dc\uc544, \uad6c\uc18c\ub828 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \ud55c\uc778 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uac00 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(Lee 2005). 1990\ub144\ub300\ubd80\ud130\ub294 \ubbfc\uc8fc\ud654, \uacbd\uc81c\uc131\uc7a5, \uc18c\ub828\uc758 \ubd95\uad34, \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\uc758 \uad6d\uad50 \uc815\uc0c1\ud654\uac00 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc758 \ud55c\uad6d \uc774\uc8fc\ub97c \ucd09\uc9c4\ud588\ub2e4(Lee 2018). \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc7ac\uc678\ub3d9\ud3ec \uc815\ucc45\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc7ac\uc678\ub3d9\ud3ec\uc5d0\uac8c \uc7a5\uae30 \uccb4\ub958\uc640 \ucde8\uc5c5\uc758 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ud655\ub300\ud55c \u300c\uc7ac\uc678\ub3d9\ud3ec\ubc95\u300d(1999)\uc758 \uc81c\uc815\uacfc \ub9de\ubb3c\ub838\ub2e4(Lee 2024). \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uba74\uc11c \uadc0\ud658\uc774\uc8fc\ub294 \uc870\uc120\uc871\uacfc \uace0\ub824\uc778 \ub178\ub3d9\uc774\uc8fc \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \ud750\ub984\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uc785\uc591\uc778, \uc720\ud559\uc0dd, \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \uc885\uc0ac\uc790, \uc740\ud1f4\uc790, \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c 2\uc138\uc640 3\uc138 \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc591\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4(Song 2018).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ud654<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc744 \uacc4\uae30\ub85c \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud655\uc0b0\ub41c \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ub294 \uc11c\uad6c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uac00 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ucde8\uc57d\ud55c \uc704\uce58\uc5d0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d, \uce90\ub098\ub2e4, \uc601\uad6d, \ud638\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c\u00a0 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc744 \uaca8\ub0e5\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc801 \uad34\ub86d\ud798, \uc2e0\uccb4\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825, \uc9c1\uc7a5 \ub0b4 \ucc28\ubcc4, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ubc30\uc81c\uac00 \uc787\ub530\ub77c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\ub2e4. \ube44\uc601\ub9ac\ub2e8\uccb4 Stop AAPI Hate\ub294 2020\ub144 3\uc6d4 19\uc77c\ubd80\ud130 2021\ub144 12\uc6d4 31\uc77c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc778\uacfc \ud0dc\ud3c9\uc591\ub3c4\uc11c\uacc4 \uc8fc\ubbfc\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ud610\uc624 \ud589\uc704 10,905\uac74\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud588\ub2e4(Stop AAPI Hate 2022). \ud53c\ud574\uc790 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub41c \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ub9ce\uc740 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc778\uc885 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud55c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ucde8\uae09\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ud55c\uc778 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ud3ed\ub825\uc758 \ud53c\ud574\uc790\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc774 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b8 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9\uc740 \uc11c\uad6c\uc5d0 \uc624\ub798 \uc874\uc7ac\ud574 \uc628 \uc778\uc885\ud654\uc640 \ubc30\uc81c\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc591\uc0c1\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud588\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub294 \uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \uc778\uc885 \uc704\uacc4 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud56d\uc0c1 \ubaa8\ud638\ud55c \uc704\uce58\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4. \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\ud654\ub41c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ubc1b\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc678\uad6d\uc778\uc774\uc790 \u201c\ud0c0\uc790\u201d\ub85c \ub099\uc778\ucc0d\ud600 \uc628 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud074\ub808\uc5b4 \uc9c4 \uae40(Claire Jean Kim)\uc758 \uc778\uc885\uc801 \uc0bc\uac01\ud654 \uc774\ub860(1999)\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\ud559\uc744 \uc798 \ud3ec\ucc29\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc778\uc740 \ub2f9\ub300\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uce58\uc801 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \u201c\ubaa8\ubc94\uc801 \uc18c\uc218\uc790\u201d\ub85c \ub192\uc774 \ud3c9\uac00\ub418\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \u201c\uc601\uc6d0\ud55c \uc678\uad6d\uc778\u201d\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub41c\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ubc94\uc801 \uc18c\uc218\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uace0\uc815\uad00\ub150\uc740 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\uc744 \uadfc\uba74\ud558\uace0 \uad50\uc721 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \ub192\uc73c\uba70 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uacf5\ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ubb18\uc0ac\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc870\uac74\uc801\uc778 \ubc31\uc778\uc131\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc218\uc6a9\uc740 \uc911\uad6d\uc778\ubc30\ucc99\ubc95, \ubca0\ud2b8\ub0a8\uc804\uc7c1, \uc81c2\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4\ub300\uc804 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc77c\ubcf8\uacc4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc778 \uac15\uc81c\uc218\uc6a9\uc774 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub4ef \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uac08\ub4f1 \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \uc27d\uac8c \ud754\ub4e4\ub9b0\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc778\uc885\ud654\ub41c \ud76c\ud654\ud654\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uacc4 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub294 \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ubd80\uc5d0\ub9cc \uba38\ubb3c\ub7ec \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub9cc \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc744 \ubfd0 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uad6c\uc131\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ubc1b\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\ud559\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud3c9\uc0dd \u201c\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\u201d\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf8\uc9c8\ud654\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc740 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c\uacfc \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uc18c\uc18d\uc758 \uad00\uacc4 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec \uc788\ub2e4. \uac1c\uc778\uc774 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc801 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c, \ub192\uc740 \uad50\uc721 \uc218\uc900, \ub192\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc9c0\uc704\ub97c \uac16\ucd94\uace0 \uc788\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc678\uad6d\uc778\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac00\uc815\uacfc \uc778\uc885\uc801 \ucc28\uc774 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ubc30\uc81c\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\uc8fc \uacb0\uc815\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uae30\ud68c\ub098 \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \uc560\ucc29\ubfd0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc778\uc885\ud654\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud615\uc131\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ucc28\ubcc4\uacfc \ubc30\uc81c\ub97c \uacaa\uc740 \uc774\uc8fc\ubbfc\uc740 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc704\uce58\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uace0\ubbfc\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uacbd\uc7c1\uacfc \uc774\uc8fc\uc758 \uc9c0\uc815\ud559<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ud654\ub294 \ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uc804\ub7b5 \uacbd\uc7c1\uacfc \uac15\ub300\uad6d \uacbd\uc7c1\uacfc \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uae4a\uac8c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uc804\ub7b5 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc740 \ubb34\uc5ed, \uae30\uc220, \uc548\ubcf4\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4 \uc774\uc8fc \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4, \uacf5\uc801 \ub2f4\ub860, \uad6d\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\ub2e4(Mearsheimer 2021; Grano 2023). \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uac8c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc555\ub825\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc \uc548\ubcf4\ub3d9\ub9f9\uc744 \ub9fa\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud604\uc7ac\uc5d0\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uacfc\ub3c4 \uae4a\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 \ub450 \uac15\ub300\uad6d\uc758 \uc0c1\ucda9\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc911\uacac\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c \ud5e4\uc9d5(hedging), \uc989 \uc804\ub7b5\uc801 \ubaa8\ud638\uc131 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4(Huynh 2023; Lee &amp; Wiegand 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d \ub0b4 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\uac00 \uad6d\uc81c\uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc11c\uc0ac \ubc0f \uc5ec\ub860\uacfc \uacb0\ud569\ud588\ub2e4. 2020\ub144\ubd80\ud130 \uc911\uad6d \uad00\uc601\ub9e4\uccb4\ub294 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \ud3ed\ub825\uc744 \uc778\uc885 \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1, \uc0ac\ud68c \ubd88\uc548\uc815, \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uc2e4\ud328\uc758 \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uac15\uc870\ud558\uba70 \uc774\ub97c \ubbf8\uad6d \ud1b5\uce58\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub354 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \ube44\ud310\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4(Kim 2024). \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ub294 \uad6d\ub0b4\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uad8c \ubb38\uc81c\uc77c \ubfd0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc11c\uad6c \uc790\uc720\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ub3c4\ub355\uc801 \uc704\uc120\uacfc \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ubaa8\uc21c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc11c\uc0ac\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc744 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \uc801\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uad6d\uac00\ub85c \ubb18\uc0ac\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ubc18\uc11c\uad6c \uc815\uc11c\uc640 \uadf8 \uc800\ubcc0\uc758 \ubc18\ubc31\uc778 \uc815\uc11c\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4(Kim 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc778\uc885\uc740 \uc815\ub2f9\uc131, \uc601\ud5a5\ub825, \uad6d\uc81c\uc9c8\uc11c\ub97c \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \ub354 \ub113\uc740 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Lee &amp; Wiegand 2024). \ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc11c\uc0ac\uac00 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ud30c\uc6cc \uacbd\uc7c1\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \uc911\uad6d\uc774 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \uc778\uad8c \uae30\ub85d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \ube44\ud310\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc790\uad6d\uc758 \ud1b5\uce58\uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc774\uace0 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf8\ub2e4(Grano 2023). 2020\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ud654 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc801 \uc5ed\ud559\ubfd0 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc11c\ub85c \uacbd\uc7c1\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc11c\uc0ac\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \uc774\uc8fc \uacb0\uc815\uc740 \ub354\uc6b1 \uae34\ubc00\ud788 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ud658\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc5d0\uac8c \ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uacbd\uc7c1, \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\ud654, \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uad6d\uc81c\uc801 \uc704\uc0c1\uc740 \u201c\uadc0\ud658\u201d\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 \uadc0\ud658\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc870\uc0c1\uc758 \uace0\ud5a5\uc744 \ud5a5\ud55c \uc774\ub3d9\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubd88\uc548\uc815\ud55c \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc9c8\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc548\uc804, \uc778\uc815, \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \ud611\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \ub354 \ub113\uc740 \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc758 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\uc640 \uc815\uce58<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uacfc \uc774\uc8fc\uc758 \uc5ed\ud559\uc740 \ub204\uac00 \u201c\uc628\uc804\ud55c \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\u201d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294\uac00, \ub610\ub294 \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uac00\ub77c\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc9c8\ubb38\uacfc \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. 19\uc138\uae30 \ub9d0\uacfc 20\uc138\uae30 \ucd08\uc5d0 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud55c \u2018\ubbfc\uc871\u2019 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uacc4 \ud608\ud1b5\uc744 \uc9c0\ub2cc \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774 \u201c\ub2e8\uc77c\ud608\ud1b5, \ub2e8\uc77c\ubbfc\uc871\u201d\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud558\uba70 \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ud1a0\ub300\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uad8c\uc704\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ubc15\uc815\ud76c \uc815\uad8c\uc740 \ud2b9\ud788 1968\ub144 \u300c\uad6d\ubbfc\uad50\uc721\ud5cc\uc7a5\u300d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubbfc\uc871\uc911\ud765\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc544\ub798 \ubc1c\uc804\uad6d\uac00\uc801 \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758, \ubc18\uacf5\uc8fc\uc758, \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uad00\ub150\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uac15\ud654\ud588\ub2e4. \uad6d\uac00 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\ub294 \uad70\uc0ac\uc801 \ub3c4\ub355\uad50\uc721, \uc724\ub9ac\uad50\uc721, \uad6d\uc0ac\uc5f0\uad6c\uae30\uad00, \uad6d\uac00 \uc5ed\uc0ac \uae30\ub150\uc0ac\uc5c5 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud3ec\uad04\ud588\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uad6d\uac00 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uacfc \uad6d\uac00 \uc774\uc775\uc758 \uc6b0\uc704\ub97c \uac15\uc870\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758\ub294 \ub610\ud55c \uc77c\uc81c \uc2dd\ubbfc\ud1b5\uce58\uc640 \uadfc\ub300\uad6d\uac00 \ud615\uc131\uc758 \uc555\ub825 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc804\ud588\ub2e4(Schmid 2002; Shin 2006). \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc758 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uc740 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc758 \ud608\ud1b5, \uc870\uc0c1, \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \ub3d9\uc9c8\uc131\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad00\ub150\uacfc \uae4a\uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc774 \uc778\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubcc4\ub418\ub294 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ubbff\uc74c\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud588\ub2e4(Shin 2006). \ubbfc\uc871 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\ub294 \uadc0\ud658\uc774\uc8fc\uc790\uac00 \uacf5\ub3d9\uc758 \ud608\ud1b5 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uacf5\uc720\ub41c \ubbfc\uc871\uad6d\uac00 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \ud658\uc601\ubc1b\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc804\uc81c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc740 \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uace0 \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \u201c\uc9c4\uc815\ud55c\u201d \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc758 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc704\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4(Seol &amp; Skrentny 2009; Song 2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uac19\uc740 \uc870\uc0c1\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc9d1\ub2e8\ubcc4\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ub300\uc6b0\ub97c \ubc1b\ub294 \ud604\uc2e4\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d \uc0ac\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc2dc\ud654\ub418\uba74\uc11c, \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \uadc0\ud658\uc774\uc8fc\uc790\ub294 \ud544\uc5f0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubbfc\uc871 \uc774\ub370\uc62c\ub85c\uae30\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc804\ud558\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc7ac\ubbf8\ud55c\uc778\uc740 \uc601\uc5b4 \ub2a5\ub825, \uc138\uacc4\uc801 \uad50\uc721 \uacbd\ud5d8, \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131\uacfc \uc5f0\uad00\ub418\uc5b4 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c \ud638\uc758\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub41c\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \uc870\uc120\uc871\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774\uba70 \uace0\uc219\ub828\uc758 \uc870\uc120\uc871 2\uc138 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1 \uc885\uc0ac\uc790\ub3c4 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc5d0\ub3c4, \uc8fc\ub958 \uc5b8\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd80\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\ud604\ub418\uace0 \uc800\uc219\ub828 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790, \ube48\uace4\uce35, \ubc94\uc8c4\uc790, \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \ucda9\uc131\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uace0\uc815\uad00\ub150\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4(Seol &amp; Skrentny 2009; Song 2018). \uace0\ub824\uc778\uacfc \ubd81\ud55c\uc774\ud0c8\uc8fc\ubbfc \uc5ed\uc2dc \uc5b8\uc5b4, \ubb38\ud654, \uc548\ubcf4 \uad00\ub828 \uc6b0\ub824\uac00 \uacb0\ud569\ub41c \ubc30\uc81c\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c\ub2e4(Chun 2022). \ud2b9\ud788 \ubd81\ud55c\uc774\ud0c8\uc8fc\ubbfc\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ucc29\ud558\uba74 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ud55c\ubbfc\uad6d \uad6d\uc801\uc744 \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ucde8\uc5c5 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ud06c\uac8c \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub418\uace0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ubc30\uc81c\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \uac19\uc740 \ubbfc\uc871\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uace7\ubc14\ub85c \uc218\uc6a9\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \uc18c\uc18d\uc744 \ub0b3\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uad6d\uc801, \uc5b8\uc5b4, \uc0ac\ud68c\uacc4\uce35, \uc774\uc8fc \uc5ed\uc0ac, \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \uc218\ud589\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b4\ub294 \ud45c\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc740 \uac19\uc740 \ubbfc\uc871 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud3ec\uc6a9\uacfc \ubc30\uc81c\uc758 \uc591\uc0c1\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4(Yu 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc758 \uacbd\uacc4\ub294 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc \uc591\uc0c1\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uae30 \uc774\uc804\ubd80\ud130 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uc120\uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uae4a\uc774 \uc81c\ub3c4\ud654\ub41c \uc131\ub9ac\ud559\uc740 \uc704\uacc4, \ud6a8, \uc131 \uc5ed\ud560, \ubd80\uacc4 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uac00\uc871 \uacc4\ubcf4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0c8\ub2e4(Palais 1996). \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 \uae09\uc18d\ud55c \uadfc\ub300\ud654\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc720\uc0b0\uc740 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud488\ud589, \uac00\uc871, \uc820\ub354, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc18c\uc18d\uc758 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c\ub2e4. \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \uacb0\ud569\ud55c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc720\uc0b0\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ub204\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uacbd\uc9c1\ub41c \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc815\uccb4\uc131, \uc678\ubaa8, \uc0b6\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c\uac00 \uaddc\ubc94\uc801 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4, \uc989 \ub2e4\uc778\uc885 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778, \uc131\uc18c\uc218\uc790 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778, \uc7a5\uc560\uc778, \ud53c\ubd80\uc0c9\uc774 \ub354 \uc9d9\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778, \ub2e4\ubb38\ud654\uac00\uc815\uc758 \uc790\ub140, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uac00\ubd80\uc7a5\uc801\u00b7\uacbd\uc81c\uc801\u00b7\ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \ub3d9\uc9c8\uc131\uc758 \uad00\ub150\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc804\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc815\ub3c4\uc758 \uc8fc\ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc18c\uc18d\uc740 \uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\ud654\uc801, \uc778\uc885\uc801, \uc820\ub354\uc801, \uc131\uc801, \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc801, \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uaddc\ubc94\uc5d0 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ubd80\ud569\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uacc4\uc18d \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uacc4 \uc9c8\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ed\uc774\uc8fc\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uae30<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778\uc758 \uc5ed\uc774\uc8fc\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uad6d\uba74\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc130\ub2e4. 2020\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc774 \uc774\ub3d9\uc740 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758\ud654, \ub418\uc0b4\uc544\ub09c \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758, \ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uc804\ub7b5 \uacbd\uc7c1, \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc8fc \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4\uac00 \uc218\ub834\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud615\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc654\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \ub192\uc544\uc9c4 \uc138\uacc4\uc801 \uc704\uc0c1\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uc744 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc778 \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc778\uad6c \uac10\uc18c\uc640 \ub178\ub3d9\ub825 \ubd80\uc871\uc740 \uc774\ubbfc, \ub2e4\ubb38\ud654\uc8fc\uc758, \uad6d\uac00 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \ub17c\uc7c1\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc2ec\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4(Lee 2018; Lee 2024). \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc758 \uc5ed\ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c\ub294 \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \uadc0\ud658\uc774\uc8fc\uc758 \ud55c \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc120\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc778\uc885, \uc9c0\uc815\ud559, \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758, \uad6d\uac00 \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec 21\uc138\uae30\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131, \uae30\ud68c, \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uac08\ub4f1\uc774 \uc2ec\ud654\ub418\ub294 \uc138\uacc4 \uc9c8\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\uc8fc, \uc778\uc885, \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c, \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \uc0ac\uc720\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5ed\ud559\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The Korean Reverse Diaspora: Race, Geopolitics, and the Politics of Koreanness<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Tina Rosa Lee (Columbia University\/SNUAC)<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Migration Transformation in Asia and South Korea<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The emerging trend of diasporic Koreans migrating to South Korea has become an increasingly important aspect of contemporary migration. Since 2020, migration patterns across Asia have undergone significant transformation. Asia remains the world&#8217;s largest source region of international migrants, accounting for approximately 115 million migrants worldwide, or more than 40 % of the global migrant population (IOM 2024). At the same time, many Asian countries are experiencing demographic decline, population aging, and labor shortages, prompting governments to expand migration pathways and compete for foreign workers, students, and highly skilled professionals (OECD, 2024). These developments have elevated migration from a labor market issue to a central concern of economic competitiveness, demographic sustainability, and national development.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">South Korea has been a key participant in these regional transformations as it shifts from a predominantly migrant-sending nation to a major destination for international migration. The population of foreigners residing in South Korea increased from approximately 40,000 in the 1980s to over 2.5 million by 2019, reaching approximately 2.65 million in 2024 and accounting for over 5 % of the national population today (Ministry of Justice 2025). Within this broader migration transition, overseas Koreans have become a significant group. By the mid-2020s, approximately 850,000 foreign nationals of ethnic Korean descent were residing in South Korea, the majority being Korean Chinese (called <em>Joseonjok <\/em>in China) and groups from the former Soviet Union (<em>Koryo-saram<\/em>) (Ministry of Justice 2025).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This contemporary migration landscape is rooted in South Korea\u2019s longer history of emigration and return. Following the Korean War, large-scale emigration between the 1950s and 1980s was driven by war displacement, overseas adoption, labor migration, education, and family reunification, resulting in substantial Korean communities across North America, East Asia, and the former Soviet Union (Lee 2005). Beginning in the 1990s, democratization, economic growth, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and normalization of relations with China encouraged diasporic Koreans to relocate to South Korea (Lee 2018). These changes coincided with the development of diaspora policies &#8211; most notably the Overseas Koreans Act (1999), which expanded opportunities for long-term residence and employment among overseas Koreans (Lee 2024). Over time, return migration diversified beyond earlier flows of Korean Chinese and Koryo-saram labor migrants to include adoptees, students, professionals, retirees, and second- and third-generation diasporic Koreans (Song 2018).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Anti-Asian Racialization in the West<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The resurgence of anti-Asian racism during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the continued vulnerability of Asian communities in Western societies. Reports from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia documented verbal harassment, physical violence, workplace discrimination, and social exclusion directed toward people of Asian descent. Community-based reporting also captured a broader pattern of harm, with the non-profit organization Stop AAPI Hate documenting 10,905 hate acts against Asian American and Pacific Islander people between March 19, 2020, and December 31, 2021 (Stop AAPI Hate 2022). Although much of the discrimination was aimed at people assumed to be Chinese, many people of Asian descent were treated as if they belonged to the same racial group. As a result, Korean diasporic communities were exposed to similar forms of violence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">However, the pandemic did not create anti-Asian racism. Rather, it intensified longstanding historic patterns of racialization and exclusion in the West. Asian diasporic communities have occupied an ambiguous position within Western racial hierarchies &#8211; viewed as successful and assimilated while also marked as foreign and \u201cOther.\u201d Claire Jean Kim\u2019s (1999) theory of racial triangulation captures this dynamic, positing that Asian Americans are simultaneously valorized as a \u201cmodel minority\u201d and marginalized as \u201cperpetual foreigners\u201d depending on the current sociopolitical contex. While the model minority stereotype grants conditional proximity to Whiteness by portraying Asians as hardworking, educated, and economically successful, this acceptance remains unstable during periods of geopolitical conflict, as evidenced by the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Vietnam War, and the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II. Most importantly, these racialized caricatures keep Asian communities at the margins of power, offering limited recognition while denying full belonging.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For diasporic Koreans essentialized as \u201cAsian\u201d throughout their lives, these dynamics complicate the relationship between legal citizenship and community belonging. Even when individuals possess formal membership, educational attainment, or high socioeconomic status, they may continue to encounter exclusion through assumptions of foreignness and racial difference. Migration decisions may therefore be shaped not only by economic opportunity or cultural attachment but also by experiences of racialization that prompt renewed questions about one\u2019s place in a society.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>U.S.\u2013China Rivalry and the Geopolitics of Migration<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anti-Asian racialization is increasingly entangled with the U.S.\u2013China strategic competition and great power rivalry. Beyond trade, technology, and security, the U.S.-China strategic competition has shaped migration governance, public discourse, and international mobility (Mearsheimer 2021; Grano 2023). For South Korea, these pressures are critical given its historic security alliance with the United States and deep economic ties with China today. South Korea has generally pursued strategies of hedging (or strategic ambiguity) to balance the two major powers\u2019 competing interests and to safely maintain its position as a middle power nation (Huynh 2023; Lee &amp; Wiegand 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In China, anti-Asian racism in America became linked to international political narratives and public opinion. Starting in 2020, Chinese state media highlighted anti-Asian violence as evidence of racial inequality, social instability, and democratic failure, incorporating these incidents into broader critiques of American governance (Kim 2024). Anti-Asian racism was framed not only as a domestic civil rights issue but as evidence of the moral hypocrisy and political contradictions of Western liberal democracy. These narratives contributed to anti-Western and underlying anti-White sentiment by portraying the United States as hostile toward Asians (Kim 2024).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Race is becoming part of a wider struggle over legitimacy, influence, and international order (Lee &amp; Wiegand 2024). Scholars argue that these narratives function as soft-power competition, enabling China to counter Western criticism of its human rights record while presenting its own governance as stable and effective (Grano 2023). Experiences of racialization after 2020 have been shaped not only by local dynamics but also by competing geopolitical narratives. As a result, migration decisions are unfolding within a more interconnected environment. For diasporic Koreans moving to South Korea, U.S.-China rivalry, anti-Asian racialization, and South Korea\u2019s shifting global position collectively reshape how \u201creturn\u201d can be understood &#8211; not simply as movement toward an ancestral homeland but as part of a wider negotiation of security, recognition, and opportunity in an unstable geopolitical order.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>The Ideology and Politics of Koreanness<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Geopolitical and migration dynamics raise critical questions about who is (or is allowed to be) recognized as \u201cfully Korean.\u201d Emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, \ubbfc\uc871 (pronounced <em>minjok<\/em>) created the ideology that individuals of Korean descent are of \u201cone blood, one nation,\u201d contributing to \ubbfc\uc871\uc8fc\uc758 (ethnic nationalism). The authoritarian Park Chung Hee authoritarian regime further promoted developmental nationalism, anti-communism, and collectivist ideas through the language of \ubbfc\uc871\uc911\ud765 (national revival), especially through the 1968 Charter for National Education. State ideology included military moral education, ethics education, national history research institutes, and commemoration of national history. Above all, it emphasized the supremacy of national identity and interests.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nationalism also developed as Korean intellectuals sought to define the nation amid Japanese imperial rule and the pressures of modern state formation (Schmid 2002; Shin 2006). Over time, Korean identity became deeply tied to ideas of shared bloodline, ancestry, and ethnic homogeneity, reinforcing the belief that Koreans constitute a racially distinct people (Shin 2006). Although \ubbfc\uc871 (minjok) ideology assumes that return migrants will be welcomed as members of a shared ethnonational community due to their common bloodline \u2014 in reality \u2014 diasporic Koreans encounter hierarchical forms of acceptance in South Korea based on constructed and shifting standards of \u201ctrue\u201d Koreanness (Seol &amp; Skrentny 2009; Song 2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ethnic return migrants inevitably challenge \ubbfc\uc871 (minjok) ideology as their differential treatment, despite shared ancestry, become visible within South Korea. Korean Americans are often perceived favorably in most contexts because of associations with English fluency, global education, and professional mobility. In contrast, Korean Chinese are negatively represented in the mainstream media and stereotyped as low-skilled laborers, poor, criminals, and disloyal to South Korea despite the diversity of this population, which include highly skilled second-generation Korean Chinese professionals (Seol &amp; Skrentny 2009; Song 2018). Koryo-saram and North Korean defectors likewise encounter exclusion shaped by linguistic, cultural, and security-related concerns (Chun 2022). In particular, North Korean defectors obtain South Korean citizenship automatically once they arrive in South Korea; yet, they are highly marginalized in the employment sector and socially excluded. These differences illustrate that shared ethnicity does not lead to acceptance in South Korea and instead produces conditional forms of belonging. Performative markers of nationality, language, social class, migration history, and geopolitical positioning shape differentiated forms of inclusion and exclusion for co-ethnics (Yu 2023).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">However, the boundaries of Koreanness were created before contemporary migration patterns. Neo-Confucianism was deeply institutionalized during the Joseon Dynasty, shaping ideals around hierarchy, filial piety, gender roles, and patrilineal family lineage (Palais 1996). Although South Korea has undergone rapid modernization, historical legacies continue to inform standards of respectability, family, gender, and social belonging. Combined with ethnic nationalism, they reinforce rigid assumptions regarding who can be recognized as Korean today. Individuals whose identities, appearances, or life paths diverge from normative Koreanness &#8211; multiracial Koreans, LGBTQ+ Koreans, individuals with disabilities, darker-skinned Koreans, children of multicultural families, and anyone else who challenges patriarchal, economic, or ethnically homogeneous ideas &#8211; may experience degrees of marginalization. Belonging in South Korea thus continues to be influenced by social conformity to dominant cultural, racial, gendered, sexual, linguistic, and geopolitical norms.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Reconsidering Reverse Migration and Koreanness in a Changing Global Order<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reverse migration among diasporic Koreans has entered a new historical phase. Since 2020, this movement has been shaped by the convergence of anti-Asian racialization, resurgent nationalism, U.S.\u2013China strategic competition, and evolving migration governance. Simultaneously, South Korea\u2019s growing global prominence has made it an increasingly attractive destination, even as demographic decline and labor shortages intensify debates over immigration, multiculturalism, and national identity (Lee 2018; Lee 2024). The Korean reverse diaspora offers more than a case study of ethnic return migration. It reveals how race, geopolitics, nationalism, and state governance converge to shape mobility, opportunity, and new forms of community in the 21st century. Understanding these dynamics will be essential for rethinking migration, race, diaspora, and Koreanness in an increasingly contested global order.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=&#8221;\uc800\uc790 \uc18c\uac1c&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Tina Rosa Lee(trosalee@snu.ac.kr)<\/strong>\ub294<br \/>\n\uceec\ub7fc\ube44\uc544\ub300\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uc784\uc0c1\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559 \ubc15\uc0ac\ud559\uc704\ub97c \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\uba70, \ud604\uc7ac \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \ubc29\ubb38\uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc9c1 \uc911\uc774\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uadf9\uc6b0\uc8fc\uc758 \ubd80\uc0c1, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uc758 \ud65c\ub3d9, \ubc95\uc2ec\ub9ac\ud559, \uc815\uc2e0\uac74\uac15 \ud3c9\uac00\uc758 \ud3b8\ud5a5\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8ec \ub2e8\ud589\ubcf8 \uc218\ub85d \ub17c\ubb38\uacfc \ud559\uc220\ub17c\ubb38\uc744 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud574 \uc654\ub2e4. \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc774\uc8fc\uc5f0\uad6c\uc13c\ud130\uc640 \ud611\ub825\ud558\uc5ec 2020\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\ud0c0\ub09c \ucd5c\uadfc\uc758 \uc5ed\uc774\uc8fc \ud604\uc0c1\uacfc \ud604\uc7ac\uc758 \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \uc5ed\ud559\uc774 \ubbfc\uc871\uc801 \uadc0\ud658\uc790\uc758 \uc0b6\uc758 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud615\uc131\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Tina Rosa Lee(she\/her)(<\/strong><strong>trosalee@snu.ac.kr<\/strong><strong>) <\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>received her doctorate in clinical psychology at Columbia University and is currently a visiting research fellow at Seoul National University Asia Center. Her publications include book chapters and articles on the rise of right-wing extremism, social justice activism, forensic psychology, and bias in mental health evaluations in the United States. At Seoul National University, Dr. Lee is collaborating on a project with the Center for Asian Migration Studies to explore the recent phenomenon of reverse migration among diasporic Koreans since 2020 and how current geopolitical dynamics are shaping the lived experiences of ethnic returnees.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=&#8221;\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chun, Kyung Hyo. \u201cNorth Korean Defectors as Cultural Other in South Korea.\u201d <em>Asian Journal of Peacebuilding<\/em> 10, no. 1 (2022): 185\u2013213.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Grano, Simona A. \u201cChina\u2013US Strategic Competition: Impact on Small and Middle Powers in Europe and Asia.\u201d In <em>China\u2013US Competition: Impact on Small and Middle Powers\u2019 Strategic Choices<\/em>, 3\u201325. Springer, 2023.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Huynh, Tam Sang. \u201cBolstering Middle Power Standing: South Korea\u2019s Response to US Indo-Pacific Strategy from Trump to Biden.\u201d <em>The Pacific Review<\/em> 36, no. 1 (2023): 32\u201360.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">International Organization for Migration. <em>World Migration Report 2024<\/em>. Geneva: International Organization for Migration, 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/publications.iom.int\/books\/world-migration-report-2024\">https:\/\/publications.iom.int\/books\/world-migration-report-2024<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kim, Claire Jean. \u201cThe Racial Triangulation of Asian Americans.\u201d <em>Politics &amp; Society<\/em> 27, no. 1 (1999): 105\u2013138.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kim, Dong Geun. \u201cAnti-Asian Racism and the Rise of Hawkish Mass Opinion in China.\u201d <em>Political Science Quarterly<\/em> 139, no. 2 (2024): 177\u2013199.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lee, Helen K. \u201cThe Korean Diaspora and Its Impact on Korea\u2019s Development.\u201d <em>Asian and Pacific Migration Journal<\/em> 14, nos. 1\u20132 (2005): 149\u2013168.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lee, Helen K. \u201cReflections on South Korean Immigration Studies and the Interrelationship between Immigration and Social Transformation.\u201d <em>Journal of Intercultural Studies<\/em> 39, no. 2 (2018): 145\u2013162.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lee, Ji Yeon. \u201cOverseas Koreans and New Governance Making in Korea.\u201d <em>Pacific Focus<\/em> 39, no. 1 (2024): 26\u201341.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lee, Seungjoo, and Krista E. Wiegand. \u201cSouth Korea\u2019s Strategy toward the US\u2013China Rivalry.\u201d <em>Journal of East Asian Studies<\/em> 24, no. 3 (2024): 305\u2013323.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mearsheimer, John J. \u201cThe Inevitable Rivalry: America, China, and the Tragedy of Great-Power Politics.\u201d <em>Foreign Affairs<\/em> 100 (2021): 48\u201358.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ministry of Justice. \u201c2024\ub144 12\uc6d4 \ucd9c\uc785\uad6d\u00b7\uc678\uad6d\uc778\uc815\ucc45 \ud1b5\uacc4\uc6d4\ubcf4 [Monthly Statistics Report on Immigration and Foreigner Policy, December 2024].\u201d Korea Immigration Service, January 20, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.immigration.go.kr\/bbs\/immigration\/227\/591331\/artclView.do\">https:\/\/www.immigration.go.kr\/bbs\/immigration\/227\/591331\/artclView.do<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. <em>International Migration Outlook 2024<\/em>. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/50b0353e-en\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1787\/50b0353e-en<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Palais, James B. <em>Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions: Yu Hy\u014fngw\u014fn and the Late Chos\u014fn Dynasty<\/em>. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1996.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pew Research Center. \u201cAsian Americans and COVID-19 Discrimination.\u201d November 30, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/11\/30\/asian-americans-and-discrimination-during-the-covid-19-pandemic\/\">https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2023\/11\/30\/asian-americans-and-discrimination-during-the-covid-19-pandemic\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Schmid, Andre. <em>Korea between Empires, 1895\u20131919<\/em>. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Seol, Dong-Hoon, and John D. Skrentny. \u201cEthnic Return Migration and Hierarchical Nationhood: Korean Chinese Foreign Workers in South Korea.\u201d <em>Ethnicities<\/em> 9, no. 2 (2009): 147\u2013174.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Shin, Gi-Wook. <em>Ethnic Nationalism in Korea: Genealogy, Politics, and Legacy<\/em>. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Song, Changzoo. \u201cJoseonjok and Goryeo Saram Ethnic Return Migrants in South Korea.\u201d In <em>Diasporic Returns to the Ethnic Homeland<\/em>, 57\u201377. Springer, 2018.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Stop AAPI Hate. <em>National Report: Through December 31, 2021<\/em>. March 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/stopaapihate.org\/2022\/03\/04\/national-report-through-december-31-2021\/\">https:\/\/stopaapihate.org\/2022\/03\/04\/national-report-through-december-31-2021\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yu, Sookyung. \u201cMigrant Racialization in South Korea: Class and Nationality as the Central Narrative.\u201d <em>Ethnic and Racial Studies<\/em> 46, no. 10 (2023): 2089\u20132110.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc138\uacc4\uc801 \uc704\uc0c1\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc740 \uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ub9e4\ub825\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc8fc \ubaa9\uc801\uc9c0\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc778\uad6c \uac10\uc18c\uc640 \ub178\ub3d9\ub825 \ubd80\uc871\uc774 \uc2ec\ud654\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uc774\ubbfc, \ub2e4\ubb38\ud654\uc8fc\uc758, \uad6d\uac00 \uc815\uccb4\uc131\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2fc \uacf5\uc801 \ub17c\uc7c1\ub3c4 \ucee4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. 2020\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc11c\uad6c \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0 \uac70\uc8fc\ud558\ub358 \ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c \ud55c\uc778(\ub610\ub294 \uc7ac\uc678\ub3d9\ud3ec)\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc8fc\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub840\uac00 \ub298\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \uc11c\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubc18\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc778\uc885\uc8fc\uc758 \ud655\uc0b0, \ubbf8\u00b7\uc911 \uac15\ub300\uad6d \uacbd\uc7c1, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc804\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4 \ubcc0\ud654 \ub4f1 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\uc815\ud559\uc801 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uacfc \ub9de\ubb3c\ub824 \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \uc774\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ud55c\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uc774\uc8fc\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \uc870\uc0c1\uc758 \uace0\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc548\uc804, \uae30\ud68c, \uc815\uccb4\uc131, \uc18c\uc18d\uac10\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc9c8\ubb38\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud615\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uc120\ud0dd\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4. \ud55c\ud3b8 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6\uc740 \ubbfc\uc871 \uc815\uccb4\uc131, \uc804\ud1b5\uc801 \uac00\uc871 \uaddc\ubc94, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc21c\uc751, \uc120\ubcc4\uc801 \uc774\uc8fc \uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uae4a\uc774 \ubc1b\uc740 \ubb38\ud654 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub204\uac00 \u201c\uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\u201d\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc9c0\ub294\uac00\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\uc758 \uc5ed(\u9006)\ub514\uc544\uc2a4\ud3ec\ub77c\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc138\uacc4 \uc9c8\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc885, \uc9c0\uc815\ud559, \ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub2e4\uc6c0\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uad50\ucc28\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uc801 \ub80c\uc988\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1936,1683,1679],"tags":[1096,1399,547,632,1944],"class_list":["post-11901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-2026-16","category-1683","category-1679","tag-1096","tag-1399","tag-547","tag-632","tag-1944"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11901"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11901\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11930,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11901\/revisions\/11930"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}