{"id":11162,"date":"2026-04-15T16:42:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T16:42:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/?p=11162"},"modified":"2026-04-15T16:42:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T16:42:16","slug":"twin-paths-divergent-outcomes-foreign-aid-and-the-development-gap-between-burundi-and-rwanda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/?p=11162","title":{"rendered":"Twin Paths, Divergent Outcomes: Foreign Aid and the Development Gap between Burundi and Rwanda"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div id=\"tdi_1\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row tdi_2  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_2,\r\n                .tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }.tdi_2,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2 .tdc-columns{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_2:before,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_2:after{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: table;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column tdi_4  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n\n\/* custom css - generated by TagDiv Composer *\/\n.tdi_4{\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper,\r\n\t\t\t\t.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    display: block;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .tdc-elements{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: 100%;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper > .vc_row_inner{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}.tdi_4 > .wpb_wrapper{\r\n\t\t\t\t    width: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t    height: auto;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\" >[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p class=\"content-h4\"><strong style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">Twin Paths, Divergent Outcomes: Foreign Aid and the Development Gap between Burundi and Rwanda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"content-h4\"><strong style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">\uc800\uc790: Fabrice Nshimirimana(\uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uad6d\uc81c\ub300\ud559\uc6d0), \uae40\ud0dc\uade0(\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Journal of International and Area Studies<\/em> 32(2), 2025<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc120\uc5d0 \uc788\ub358 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc65c \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc1c\uc804 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\ub294\uac00?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The development divergence between Burundi and Rwanda, two nations often described as \u201ctwin countries,\u201d presents an intriguing case for comparative analysis via the method of difference. While most scholarship attributes Rwanda\u2019s success to its effective institutions and strong leadership, this study introduces an additional and underexplored explanation: the role of aid volumes. Employing pattern matching of a structured, focused comparative case study design and drawing on data from OECD Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the World Bank\u2019s World Development Indicators (WDI) from 1992 to 2022, this study finds that Rwanda consistently received substantially more aid than Burundi, even when both countries experienced similar post-conflict fragility and institutional weaknesses. The findings align with the big push theory, which posits that large-scale aid is crucial for countries mired in poverty to initiate growth. Building on this, the study proposes a three- stage aid-development pathway: (1) high aid inflows, (2) enhanced fiscal capacity and institutional consolidation for effective governance, and (3) sustainable growth leading to partial aid graduation.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kci.go.kr\/kciportal\/ci\/sereArticleSearch\/ciSereArtiView.kci?sereArticleSearchBean.artiId=ART003280720\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\uc790\uc138\ud788 \ubcf4\uae30<\/a>[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><b>Journal of International and Area Studies 32(2)<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Fabrice Nshimirimana(\uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uad6d\uc81c\ub300\ud559\uc6d0), \uae40\ud0dc\uade0(\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c)<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uae00\uc740 \ubd80\ub8ec\ub514\uc640 \ub974\uc644\ub2e4\ub294 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\u00b7\uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ubd88\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc0c1\uc774\ud55c \ubc1c\uc804 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ubcf4\uc600\uc73c\uba70, \ubcf8 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \uadf8 \uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uc870 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub974\uc644\ub2e4\ub294 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc6d0\uc870\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc815 \uc5ed\ub7c9\uacfc \uc81c\ub3c4\ub97c \uac15\ud654\ud558\uba70 \uc131\uc7a5 \uada4\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc9c4\uc785\ud55c \ubc18\uba74, \ubd80\ub8ec\ub514\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc900\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \u2018\ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc6d0\uc870 \uc720\uc785 \u2192 \uc7ac\uc815\u00b7\uc81c\ub3c4 \uac15\ud654 \u2192 \uc9c0\uc18d\uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc131\uc7a5\u2019\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 3\ub2e8\uacc4 \ubc1c\uc804 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1890,1681,1679],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-11162","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-2026-8","7":"category-1681","8":"category-1679"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11162"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11162\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11163,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11162\/revisions\/11163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/snuacwebzine.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}